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Establishment of harmonized international reference ranges for plasma estradiol concentrations in postmenopausal women.

The Journal of clinical endocrinology and metabolism·May 12, 2026·PMID 42120349

Why it matters

Accurate, harmonized estradiol reference ranges are essential for interpreting levels during menopause management, assessing risks for hormone-sensitive conditions, and evaluating systemic absorption from local estrogen therapies.

Infographic summary of Establishment of harmonized international reference ranges for plasma estradiol concentrations in postmenopausal women.
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