Randomized Trialmoderate evidence
Real-time fMRI feedback guides self-generated cognition toward upregulation of hippocampal activity.
Current biology : CB·October 1, 2026·PMID 42822456
Why it mattersHippocampal dysfunction underlies memory, spatial navigation, and stress-related disorders. Demonstrating that individuals can learn to self-modulate hippocampal activity via contingent neurofeedback opens a non-invasive avenue for cognitive enhancement and potential therapeutic targeting of hippocampal-dependent functions.

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