Cohort Studyhigh evidence
Prognostic impact of bystander-patient relationship and age in patients with out-of-hospital cardiac arrest.
Resuscitation·September 25, 2026·PMID 42790859
Why it mattersBystander CPR and early defibrillation are critical for OHCA survival, but the type of bystander may influence resuscitation quality and timing. Understanding how family-member witnessing interacts with patient age can help emergency physicians and cardiologists interpret prognosis and guide post-resuscitation care discussions.

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