Randomized Trialhigh evidence
Comparison of Clinical Outcomes and Biochemical Markers Following Tubular Microscopic Discectomy Versus Full Endoscopic Discectomy for Lumbar Disc Herniation: A Prospective Randomized Controlled Trial.
Global spine journal·July 18, 2026·PMID 42470348
Why it mattersFor spine surgeons, FED may offer a less invasive option with reduced muscle injury and quicker functional recovery compared to TMD, potentially influencing surgical decision-making for lumbar disc herniation.
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