Cohort Studymoderate evidence
Smartphone use is associated with later and shorter actigraphic sleep, and circadian clock delays in an indigenous Toba/Qom community.
Sleep·June 15, 2026·PMID 41689489
Why it mattersThis natural experiment in a preindustrial community isolates smartphone effects from typical confounders of modern life, providing clearer evidence that smartphone use directly delays sleep and shortens duration through both circadian and behavioral pathways.
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