Cohort Studyhigh evidence
Off-label testosterone therapy is associated with higher long-term cardiovascular risk in men.
EBioMedicine·July 9, 2026·PMID 42424704
Why it mattersTestosterone therapy is increasingly used off-label for aging-related symptoms or performance enhancement without clear hypogonadism. This study provides real-world evidence that such prescribing may carry significant long-term cardiovascular harm, underscoring the need for careful patient selection and monitoring.
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