Cohort Studyhigh evidence
Cardiovascular Disease in Anabolic Androgenic Steroid Users.
Circulation·March 25, 2025·PMID 39945117
Why it mattersAAS use is common in fitness settings but its cardiovascular risks are poorly quantified. This large, long-term study provides robust evidence that AAS users face substantially elevated risks across multiple cardiovascular domains, informing risk stratification and counseling for patients with known or suspected AAS use.
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