Randomized Trialhigh evidence
Comparison of inhalational methoxyflurane, intranasal fentanyl, and intravenous morphine for treatment of prehospital acute pain in Norway (PreMeFen): a randomised, non-inferiority, three-arm, phase 3 trial.
Lancet (London, England)·December 20, 2026·PMID 41275876
Why it mattersMethoxyflurane offers a rapid, non-invasive analgesic option for prehospital care, potentially simplifying pain management when IV access is delayed or impractical. Its non-inferiority to standard opioids supports its role in early pain relief protocols.
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