Cohort Studymoderate evidence
Variations in Estrogen, Progesterone, and Nocturnal Physiology are not Associated with Performance and Sleep within and between Menstrual Cycles.
Medicine and science in sports and exercise·July 1, 2026·PMID 41747284
Why it mattersMany practitioners assume menstrual cycle phase influences training and testing outcomes. This study provides evidence that performance and recovery are stable across phases, supporting flexible scheduling of assessments and training without phase-based adjustments.
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