Randomized Trialhigh evidence
Safety and efficacy of 6% hydroxyethyl starch in patients undergoing major surgery: The randomised controlled PHOENICS trial.
European journal of anaesthesiology·January 1, 2026·PMID 41133731
Why it mattersThis large, rigorous RCT provides reassurance that in-label perioperative use of modern HES is noninferior to crystalloids for renal safety in elective abdominal surgery, addressing long-standing concerns from sepsis trials.
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